Emily Makings

Legislature did not increase property tax growth limits, but it did allow school districts to increase their enrichment levies (if approved by voters)

When House and Senate Democrats announced a new tax package proposal on April 15, it included HB 2049. As introduced, HB 2049 would have increased the property tax growth limit for the state and local governments and increased the maximum per pupil limits for school district enrichment levies. At the time, I showed that the […]

State liability account problems escalating quickly

As I’ve written, the operating budget did not include a backfill for the state liability account, even though the Legislature knew that the account could end the 2023–25 biennium with a shortfall of up to $580 million. We’ve identified this as one of the choices the Legislature made that contribute to the unsustainability of the […]

Happy Fiscal New Year!

Today is the first day of fiscal year 2026 and the first day of the 2025–27 biennium. Unfortunately, the Legislature did not set the year up for success. First, as we’ve shown, the Legislature’s spending choices over the past several years led to a four-year $8.6 billion maintenance level shortfall (the difference between the cost […]

Better news in the transportation revenue forecast

The Transportation Economic and Revenue Forecast Council now estimates that transportation revenues will be higher than assumed in the enacted 2025–27 transportation budget. (By contrast, revenues from funds subject to the outlook are expected to be lower than assumed in the 2025–27 operating budget.) Economic changes in the transportation revenue forecast are estimated to increase […]

The June revenue forecast worsens the budget outlook

The Economic and Revenue Forecast Council (ERFC) estimates that revenues from funds subject to the outlook (NGFO) will be lower than expected when the 2025–27 operating budget was adopted earlier this year. Compared to the March revenue forecast (on which the adopted 2025–27 budget is based), the forecast for the current 2023–25 biennium increased by […]

The number of state employees is still growing, slowly

The Seattle Times reports, “As Washington grapples with a multibillion-dollar budget shortfall, some state agencies are starting the largest wave of layoffs since the Great Recession.” For context, Chart 1 shows total state full-time equivalent (FTE) employees over time. The budgets passed by the Legislature for 2025–27 increase FTEs compared to 2023–25, whereas FTEs decreased […]

Adopted budget outlook indicates a very thin margin for error in 2025–27

The Legislature estimated that its 2025–27 operating budget balanced in 2025–27 and over four years, leaving an unrestricted ending balance in funds subject to the outlook (NGFO) of $225 million in 2025–27 and $673 million in 2027–29. Yesterday, the Economic and Revenue Forecast Council (ERFC) adopted an official budget outlook based on the enacted 2025–27 […]

State average wage increases by 6.8%; various state benefits and the UI taxable wage base will increase correspondingly

The Employment Security Department (ESD) reports that Washington’s average annual wage was $95,160 in 2024—an increase of 6.8% over 2023. According to ESD, “The increase was driven by a 0.7% increase in employment and an 7.5% increase in total wages and salaries, which grew by nearly $23.5 billion in 2024.” The state average wage is […]

The limits of the veto power

Gov. Ferguson has acknowledged that there will be unintended consequences from the tax bills approved this year. Nevertheless, he signed the bills—but for one partial veto. Given the way the Legislature structured the tax bills, it was impossible for Gov. Ferguson to veto many of their individual provisions. Generally, the governor of Washington may veto […]

A rushed process makes for questionable tax policy

After taking action on the budget and tax bills last week, Gov. Ferguson spoke to the press. He said, The revenue that I signed will likely require adjustments in the future. These revenue bills, as you know, moved through the legislative process quickly, particularly changes to the B&O tax and sales tax on services. We […]